🔄 Chilled Water Decoupler Loop

Size primary-secondary hydraulic decoupler bridge pipes, identify flow direction, mixed supply header degradation, and Low Delta-T syndrome penalties.

⚡ Fortran 90 Engine Double Precision (IEEE 754) ✓ ISO / ASME Validated

📊 Solver Telemetry ● ACTIVE

👁️ Consultations 36

⚡ Calculs faits 29

💾 Téléchargements 189 📦 Code Fortran 4.4 KB

📅 Mise en service Jun 2026

⏱️ Latence < 1 ms

🔄 Primary-Secondary Chilled Water Hydronic Decoupler Bridge

Real-time visual simulation of production vs distribution flow balance, bridge direction & mixed temperatures

📝 Configuration & Presets

✅ Forward Flow (200 / 175 m³/h) ⚠️ Reverse Deficit (150 / 220 m³/h) 📉 Low ΔT Syndrome (8.5°C Ret) 🏥 Hospital Plant (320 m³/h)

💧 Primary & Secondary Hydronic Flows

Primary Production Flow Q_prim [m³/h]: Operating constant speed chillers

Secondary Distribution Flow Q_sec [m³/h]: Variable speed pump loop

🌡️ Water Temperatures & Sizing Velocity

Chiller Supply Temp T_sup [°C]:

Design Return Temp T_ret,des [°C]:

Actual Return Temp T_ret,act [°C]: Low value triggers Low ΔT syndrome

Max Bridge Velocity [m/s]: ASHRAE standard: ≤ 0.50 m/s

Decoupled Hydronic Formulations:
• Decoupler Flow: Q_bridge = Q_prim − Q_sec
• Minimum Bridge Diameter: D_min = √[ (4 · Q_max) / (π · v_max) ]
• Mixed Supply (Reverse): T_mix,sup = (Q_prim T_sup + |Q_b| T_ret) / Q_sec
• Low ΔT Penalty: Loss = [1 − (ΔT_act / ΔT_des)] × 100%

📊 Decoupler Sizing Results

📊 Output Summary
💾 Fortran Source

Recommended Decoupler Bridge Pipe Size

DN375 (Ø 375 mm)

FORWARD FLOW (Normal: Chilled Water Bypasses to Return)

+60.0 m³/h

Mixed Supply to Coils (T_mix,sup) 5.50 °C Chiller Setpoint = 5.5 °C

Mixed Return to Chillers (T_mix,ret) 10.13 °C Actual Secondary = 11.2 °C

Low ΔT Capacity Penalty 0.0 % ΔT_act = 5.7 °C (Des: 6.0 °C)

Decoupler Flow Velocity 0.15 m/s Limit: ≤ 0.45 m/s

📈 Required Decoupler Diameter vs Bypass Flow

📉 Mixed Supply Temperature Degradation vs Secondary Overpumping

=================================================================
 THERMOFLUIDCALC — CHILLED WATER DECOUPLER ANALYSIS REPORT
=================================================================
Case Title                 : Hospital Critical Care Dual-Chiller Redundant Loop
Primary Production Flow    : 320.00 m3/h (1409.0 GPM)
Secondary Distribution Flow: 260.00 m3/h (1144.8 GPM)
Decoupler Bypass Flow      : +60.00 m3/h
Hydronic Bridge Status     : FORWARD FLOW (Normal: Chilled Water Bypasses to Return)
-----------------------------------------------------------------
MINIMUM DECOUPLER PIPE DIA : DN375 (375.0 mm ID)
Mixed Header Supply Temp   : 5.50 °C (Chiller out: 5.50 °C)
Mixed Header Return Temp   : 10.13 °C (Secondary out: 11.20 °C)
Low Delta-T Penalty        : 0.0 % capacity derating
=================================================================

📘 Calculation Methodology & ASHRAE Standards

Hydraulic Decoupling Bridge

The bridge pipe provides a zero pressure drop junction ($v \le 0.5\,\text{m/s}$), hydraulically isolating the constant-flow chiller loop from variable-flow loads:

                    Qbridge = Qprimary − Qsecondary
                

Reverse Flow & Low Delta-T Risks

If $Q_{secondary} > Q_{primary}$, warm return water flows backward across the bridge into the coil supply header, causing loss of space dehumidification control.

Key Engineering Assumptions

Water velocity in decoupler bridge limited to $0.5\,\text{m/s}$ ($\Delta P < 1.5\,\text{kPa}$).
Perfect adiabatic mixing at header tee junctions.
Sized for max flow mismatch or 100% capacity of largest chiller module.

ThermoFluidCalc Engineering Report