⚡ Supercritical Organic Rankine Cycle (sORC)

Size supercritical Organic Rankine Cycles (sORC): continuous glide vapor generation without pinch point, net electrical power output (kW), thermal efficiency, and recuperator duty.

⚡ Fortran 90 Engine Double Precision (IEEE 754) ✓ ISO / ASME Validated

Supercritical Organic Rankine Cycle (sORC)

Thermodynamics

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⚡ Solves 37

💾 Downloads 471 📦 Fortran Code 11.4 KB

📅 Released Jun 2026

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⚡ Supercritical ORC Cycle Flow Diagram & Supercritical Heating Glide

Real-time visual simulation: Continuous glide supercritical vapor generator without pinch-point limitation

📝 Configuration & Presets

🌋 Geothermal Brine (R1233zd) 🏭 Steel Waste Heat (n-Pentane) ☀️ Solar Thermal CSP (Toluene) 🚢 Marine Diesel sORC (R245fa)

🧪 Working Fluid & Operating Pressures

Organic Working Fluid:

High Pressure P_high [bar]: Supercritical: P_high > P_crit

Turbine Inlet Temp TIT [°C]:

❄️ Condensing State & Mass Flow

Condensing Temp T_cond [°C]:

Fluid Mass Flow ṁ [kg/s]:

⚙️ Component Efficiencies & Recuperation

Turbine Isentropic Eff. η_t:

Pump Isentropic Eff. η_p:

Recuperator Effectiveness ε_recup:

sORC Thermodynamic Formulation:
• Net Cycle Work: w_net = w_turb − w_pump [kJ/kg]
• Thermal Efficiency: η_th = w_net / (h_TIT − h_heater,in) [%]
• Power Output: Ẇ_net = ṁ · w_net [kW]
• Eliminates isothermal evaporation pinch-point bottleneck.

📊 sORC Cycle Results

📊 Output Summary
💾 Fortran Source

Net Electrical Power Output (Ẇ_net)

4855.56 kW (4.856 MW)

Thermal Efficiency: 39.39 % | Heat Input: 12326.1 kW

P_high = 40 bar (> P_c)

Gross Turbine Power (Ẇ_t) 5003.1 kW η_t = 85 %

Feed Pump Power Consumption 147.5 kW 2.9 % of gross power

Recuperator Heat Duty (Q̇_recup) 77.8 kW ε_recup = 80 %

Turbine Discharge Temp (T_out) 45.0 °C Superheated dry expansion

📈 Thermal Efficiency η_th (%) vs Supercritical Pressure P_high (bar)

📉 Net Power Output W_net (kW) vs Turbine Inlet Temp TIT (°C)

=================================================================
 THERMOFLUIDCALC — SUPERCRITICAL ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE REPORT
=================================================================
Case Title                 : Industrial Steel Furnace Waste Heat Recovery sORC
Organic Working Fluid      : n-Pentane (Hydrocarbon)
Operating State Points     : P_high = 40.00 bar (P_crit = 33.70 bar), TIT = 220.0 C, T_cond = 40.0 C
Fluid Flow & Efficiencies  : m_dot = 18.00 kg/s, eta_turb = 0.85, eta_pump = 0.75, eps_rec = 0.80
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NET ELECTRICAL POWER (Wnet): 4855.56 kW (4.8556 MW)
CYCLE THERMAL EFFICIENCY   : 39.393 %
Gross Turbine Power Output : 5003.10 kW
Feed Pump Power Input      : 147.54 kW
Supercritical Heater Duty  : 12326.10 kW
Internal Recuperator Duty  : 77.76 kW
Turbine Exhaust Temperature: 45.00 deg C
=================================================================

📘 Calculation Methodology & Supercritical ORC Standards

Supercritical Heat Addition Advantage

Heating above the critical pressure ($P > P_{crit}$) eliminates the isothermal phase change plateau, allowing the working fluid temperature to glide continuously with the heat source profile.

Internal Recuperation (IHX)

Dry organic vapors exit the expander with significant superheat. The recuperator transfers this waste heat to preheat the high-pressure liquid before entering the vapor generator.

Key Engineering Assumptions

Supercritical heating without boiling pinch-point limitations.
Dry expansion avoiding liquid droplet erosion in turbine blades.
Applicable to geothermal brine, biomass, solar thermal CSP, and engine waste heat.

ThermoFluidCalc Engineering Report