โ˜€๏ธ Combined Radiation & Convection

Compute parallel radiative and convective heat losses from solid surfaces to surrounding spaces. Quantify relative contribution split and compare transfer coefficients.

Solid Ts Surrounds Tsurr Convection: hc (T_inf) Radiation: hr (T_surr)

Combined Modes Dissipation

Almost all solid bodies operating in gas surroundings dissipate heat via parallel convection and radiation paths:

  • Radiation component: Linearized with $h_r$, highly dependent on surface emissivity ($\varepsilon$) and $T^4$ absolute temperatures.
  • Convection component: Calculated directly or determined using natural/forced convective correlation rules.
  • Environment limits: Surroundings $T_{surr}$ and air $T_{\infty}$ can be set independently.

๐Ÿ“ Configuration

๐ŸŒก๏ธ Operating Temperatures

โ˜€๏ธ Radiative Properties

Value ranges from 0 (perfect mirror) to 1.0 (blackbody). Typical oxidized steel $\approx$ 0.8.

๐Ÿ’จ Convective Coefficient ($h_c$)

๐Ÿ“Š Results & Contributions

Configure properties and click "Compute Combined Heat Transfer" to evaluate heat rates.

๐Ÿ“˜ Calculation Methodology

Mathematical Model

Total heat rate is the sum of convection and radiation components acting in parallel:

$$Q_{total} = Q_{conv} + Q_{rad}$$
Radiation (linearized):
$$Q_{rad} = \varepsilon \cdot \sigma \cdot A \cdot \left( T_s^4 - T_{surr}^4 \right) = h_r \cdot A \cdot (T_s - T_{surr})$$ $$h_r = \varepsilon \cdot \sigma \cdot (T_s + T_{surr}) \cdot (T_s^2 + T_{surr}^2)$$
Convection (Newton Cooling):
$$Q_{conv} = h_c \cdot A \cdot (T_s - T_{\infty})$$

Convective Correlations

Simplified convective formulas for air at normal pressure and temperature ranges:

  • Vertical Plate (Natural): $h_c = 1.42 \cdot \left( \frac{\Delta T}{L} \right)^{0.25}$
  • Horizontal Cylinder (Natural): $h_c = 1.32 \cdot \left( \frac{\Delta T}{D} \right)^{0.25}$
  • Forced Air Convection: $h_c = 10.45 - v + 10 \sqrt{v}$